(INVITATION FOR EXPRESSION OF INTEREST)
EXPRESSION OF INTEREST (EOI) FOR PRODUCTION AND SUPPLY OF PADDY STRAW AND OTHER AGRO RESIDUE BASED
PELLETS/ TORREFIED PELLETS TO NTPC POWER PLANTS FOR POWER GENERATION THROUGH BIOMASS CO-FIRING
3.0 INTRODUCTION
Majority of power plants of NTPC is running on coal. To reduce greenhouse gas emission
from its coal based power plants, NTPC is planning to utilize paddy straw and other agro
residue based pellets/ torrefied pellets along with coal for power generation through biomass
co-firing which is a technology recognized by UNFCCC to mitigate carbon emission.
In addition to reducing carbon emission from coal based power plant, the utilisation of paddy
straw and other agro residue based pellets/ torrefied pellets in the power plant will also reduce
air pollution due to burning of stubble (i.e. paddy straw and other agro residues) in the fields
by farmers which was the trigger for this initiative by NTPC as a responsible organisation.
4.0 CO
2
EMISSION AND AIR POLLUTION MITIGATION THROUGH BIOMASS CO-FIRING
It is worth mentioning that equivalent amount of CO
2
(carbon-di-oxide) emitted from
combustion of agro residue based pellets/ torrefied pellets in power plant gets absorbed in
next crop cycle by photosynthesis, so CO
2
emission from agro residue based pellets
combustion does not increase CO
2
concentration in atmosphere and thus it is also termed as
carbon neutral fuel which is a renewable source of energy.
Further, CO
2
emission from diesel and electricity consumption for agro residue collection,
processing and transportation is very negligible as compared to saving in CO
2
emissions from
its utilisation in large coal fired power plants having higher efficiency than dedicated small
biomass power plants. This makes biomass co-firing a greener alternative.
Stubble burning in fields emits large amount of ash/soot/ unburnt carbon to the atmosphere
which is the real cause of air pollution and elevates the PM 2.5 and PM 10 level in atmosphere.
When agro residue based fuel is utilised in coal fired power plants, it burns completely in power
plant and ash emitted from its combustion gets absorbed in Electro Static Precipitator (ESP)
which prevents the air pollution while generating power from it.
Based on the feedback received from farmers, it is learnt that farmers burn stubble as they
find it as cheapest, quickest and easiest means to prepare the land for next crop in view of
short time available. Stubble burning in fields also reduces soil fertility and farmers do not
willingly burn stubble but they have no other alternative too.
Therefore, utilisation of paddy straw and other agro residues based fuel in form of pellets/
torrefied pellets in coal power plants shall create a huge market for it and provide a quickest,
easiest and more economical alternative to the farmer which shall discourage stubble burning
in fields causing air pollution in addition to reducing carbon emission from coal based power
plants. This shall also generate employment opportunities and farmer’s income.